Phlegm is respiratory secretions that contain mucus, red blood cells, purulent leukocytes, and toxins into the respiratory tract. This substance is secreted from the bronchial gas, alveoli, throat, nasal sockets ... as a consequence for respiratory diseases.
Sputum cough is an acute or chronic disease. If symptoms persist for more than 3 weeks, it is called chronic. Sputum cough usually comes from benign causes but if not treated properly and on time, it will become more serious. Causes many respiratory diseases as follows:
‐ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: causes shortness of breath because of narrow airways, long-term coughing of phlegm causes obstruction and will cause shortness of breath, chest tightness in the morning.
‐ Tuberculosis: is the cause of long-term cough of sputum and sometimes cough mixed with blood, chest pain, shortness of breath. If the condition persists, it will cause pulmonary complications, and failure to properly and promptly treat it can lead to respiratory failure and death.
‐ Wet bronchiectasis: causes a long-term cough of sputum that causes patients to regularly spit.
In addition, acute sputum cough often occurs in older people in cases of colds, sore throats, tonsillitis, sinusitis.
Causes of dry cough
Dry cough is a condition of non-sputum cough, diseases associated with the larynx, otitis. Prolonged dry cough can be caused by bronchial cancer, long-term smoking. It is also associated with lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis, subacute pulmonary edema, lung cancer, pleural effusion,...
The cough lasts during the day, at night only dry cough with no signs of flu or sore throat, but when napping or at night there is a cough, itchy throat and persistent cough continuously. Nocturnal cough in adults may be caused by the following factors:
‐ Asthma: Most patients with asthma may experience breathing problems such as a persistent dry cough. What symptoms of asthma appear and disappear depends on the activities and external factors at play. In particular, these symptoms are usually coughing and hissing breath first, symptoms often recur, recur and are often severe at night, with physical exertion or when experiencing cold.
‐ Sinusitis: With sinusitis, the sinuses become blocked causing nasal congestion, the mucus from the sinuses flows down to the back of the throat. During the day these mucus secretions are deflated or float down the digestive tract on their own, but at night the mucus is easy to stagnate in the throat and cause coughing.
‐ Acid reflux in gastroesophageal reflux disease (also known as GERD) also causes a prolonged dry cough. When lying down, acid that causes indigestion and heartburn in the stomach can reflux up the esophagus, overflowing through the lungs, leading to a constant dry cough.
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